欢迎访问中科光析科学技术研究所官网!

免费咨询热线
400-640-9567|
热轧结构钢检测项目报价? 解决方案? 检测周期? 样品要求? |
点 击 解 答 ![]() |
本标准规定了高强度结构用调质钢板的牌号、尺寸、外形、重量及允许偏差、技术要求、试验方法、检验规则、包装、标志和质量证明书等。本标准适用于厚度不大于150 mm,以调质(淬火加回火)状态交货的高强度结构用钢板。
1.1GB/T 30790论述了采用防护涂料体系对钢结构进行防腐蚀保护的内容。1.2GB/T 30790仅涉及涂料体系的防腐蚀保护功能,其他方面的防护功能不包含在GB/T 30790的内容中,例如:--微生物(海洋污垢、细菌、真菌等);--化学品(酸、碱、有机溶剂、气体等);--机械作用(磨损等);--火。1.3应用领域的特征包括如下内容:--结构类型;--表面类型和表面处理;--环境类型;--防护涂料体系类型;--工作类型;--防护涂料体系的耐久性。尽管GB/T 30790未涵盖所有类型的结构、表面和表面处理,但通过协商,也可以应用于未涵盖的领域。1.3.1~1.3.6对各应用领域的内容进行了更详细地描述。1.3.1结构类型GB/T 30790适用于由厚度不低于3 mm的碳素钢或低合金钢(例如,符合EN 10025-2)制作的结构,并且这些结构的设计要经过认可的强度计算。钢筋混凝土结构不在GB/T 30790的范围内。1.3.2表面类型和表面处理GB/T 30790论述了以下类型的碳素钢或低合金钢的表面及其表面处理:--无涂层表面;--热喷涂锌、铝或其合金表面;--热浸镀锌表面;--电镀锌表面;--粉末镀锌表面;--涂覆预涂底漆表面;--其他已涂漆表面。1.3.3 环境类型GB/T 30790论述的环境类型如下:--大气环境分为六类腐蚀性等级;--钢结构浸在水中或埋在土壤中分为三种等级。1.3.4防护涂料体系类型GB/T 30790论述了在环境条件下干燥或固化的一系列涂料产品,但不包含:--粉末涂料;--烤
本标准适用于高耸与复杂钢结构的检测与鉴定。
This International Standard applies to hot-rolled steel sheet ofnhigh yield stress structural quality with the use of microalloyingnelements. The product is intended for structural purposes wherenparticular mechanical properties are required. It is generally usednin the delivered condition and is intended for structures that mayninclude bolting, riveting and welding.nBecause of the combination of higher strength and microalloyncomposition, it is possible to obtain savings in mass, along withnbetter formability and weldability as compared with steel sheetnwithout microalloying elements. The product is produced on a widenstrip-mill, not a plate mill.nThis International Standard does not cover steel intended fornboilers or pressure vessels, steels designated as commercialnquality or drawing quality (covered by ISO 3573), steels to benrerolled to cold-reducing products, steels designated as weatheringnsteels, having increased atmospheric corrosion resistance, ornsteels having improved form
This International Standard specifies requirements fornhot-rolled steel strip of structural quality in the grades andnclasses listed in Table 1, usually without the use of micro allyingnelements. This product is intended for structural purposes wherenparticular mechanical properties are required. It is generally usednin the delivered condition and is intended for bolted, riveted ornwelded structures. It is commonly rolled on a narrow stripnmill.nThis International Standard does not cover steels designated asncommercial quality or drawing quality (covered in ISO 6317) ornsteels intended for boilers or pressure vessels, or steels to benrerolled to cold-reduced products, or steels designated asnweathering steels, having increased atmospheric corrosionnresistance.
This International Standard specifies requirements forntolerances for hot-rolled steel plates made on a reversing millnwith the following characteristics:na) nominal thickness: 3mm ≤ t ≤ 400 mm;nb) nominal width: w ≥ 600 mm.nNOTE 1 Tolerances for products of width < 600 mm, cut or slitnfrom plate, may be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser atnthe time of ordering.nThis International Standard applies to, but is not limited to,nsteel grades defined in all parts of ISO 630, in ISO 9328-1 to ISOn9328-6 and ISO 683-1, ISO 683-2, ISO 683-10 and ISO 683-11.nThis International Standard does not apply to stainlessnsteel.nIf not otherwise agreed, to tables in AnnexnA apply to steel grades defined in AnnexnA of all parts (except Part 1) of ISO 630 or in ISOn9328-1 to ISO 9328-6.nIf not otherwise agreed, to tables innAnnex B apply to steel grades definednin Annex B of all
1.1 This general requirements specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM Designation3 Title of Specification A 36/A 36MCarbon Structural Steel A 131/A 131MStructural Steel for Ships A 242/A 242MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel A 283/A 283MLow and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A 328/A 328MSteel Sheet Piling A 514/A 514MHigh-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Suitable for Welding A 529/A 529MHigh-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural Quality A 572/A 572MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steel A 573/A 573MStructural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness A 588/A 588MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick A 633/A 633MNormalized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 656/A 656MHot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate with Improved Formability A 678/A 678MQuenched-and-Tempered Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 690/A 690MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine Environments A 709/A 709MCarbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Shapes, Plates, and Bars and Quenched-and-Tempered Alloy Structural Steel Plates for Bridges A 710/A 710MAge-Hardening Low-Carbon Nickel-Copper-Chromium-Mo- lybdenum-Columbium Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 769/A 769MCarbon and High-Strength Electric Resistance Welded Steel Structural Shapes A 786/A 786MRolled Steel Floor Plates A 808/A 808MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Carbon, Manganese, Columbium, Vanadium Steel of Structural Quality with Improved Notch Toughness A 827/A 827MPlates, Carbon Steel, for Forging and Similar Applications A 829/A 829MPlates, Alloy Steel, Structural Quality A 830/A 830MPlates, Carbon Steel, Structural Quality, Furnished to Chemical
1.1 This general requirements specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM Designation3Title of Specification A 36/A 36MCarbon Structural Steel A 131/A 131MStructural Steel for Ships A 242/A 242MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel A 283/A 283MLow and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A 328/A 328MSteel Sheet Piling A 514/A 514MHigh-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Suitable for Welding A 529/A 529MHigh-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural Quality A 572/A 572MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steel A 573/A 573MStructural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness A 588/A 588MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick A 633/A 633MNormalized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 656/A 656MHot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate with Improved Formability A 678/A 678MQuenched-and-Tempered Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 690/A 690MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine Environments A 709/A 709MCarbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Shapes, Plates, and Bars and Quenched-and-Tempered Alloy Structural Steel Plates for Bridges A 710/A 710MAge-Hardening Low-Carbon Nickel-Copper-Chromium-Mo- lybdenum-Columbium Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 769/A 769MCarbon and High-Strength Electric Resistance Welded Steel Structural Shapes A 786/A 786MRolled Steel Floor Plates A 808/A 808MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Carbon, Manganese, Columbium, Vanadium Steel of Structural Quality with Improved Notch Toughness A 827/A 827MPlates, Carbon Steel, for Forging and Similar Applications A 829/A 829MPlates, Alloy Steel, Structural Quality A 830/A 830MPlates, Carbon Steel, Structural Quality, Furnished to Chemical Comp
1.1 This general requirements specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM Designation3Title of Specification A 36/A 36MCarbon Structural Steel A 131/A 131MStructural Steel for Ships A 242/A 242MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel A 283/A 283MLow and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A 328/A 328MSteel Sheet Piling A 514/A 514MHigh-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Suitable for Welding A 529/A 529MHigh-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural Quality A 572/A 572MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steel A 573/A 573MStructural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness A 588/A 588MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick A 633/A 633MNormalized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 656/A 656MHot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate with Improved Formability A 678/A 678MQuenched-and-Tempered Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 690/A 690MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine Environments A 709/A 709MCarbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Shapes, Plates, and Bars and Quenched-and-Tempered Alloy Structural Steel Plates for Bridges A 710/A 710MAge-Hardening Low-Carbon Nickel-Copper-Chromium-Mo- lybdenum-Columbium Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 769/A 769MCarbon and High-Strength Electric Resistance Welded Steel Structural Shapes A 786/A 786MRolled Steel Floor Plates A 808/A 808MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Carbon, Manganese, Columbium, Vanadium Steel of Structural Quality with Improved Notch Toughness A 827/A 827MPlates, Carbon Steel, for Forging and Similar Applications A 829/A 829MPlates, Alloy Steel, Structural Quality A 830/A 830MPlates, Carbon Steel, Structural Quality, Furnished to Chemical Comp
1.1 This general requirements specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM Designation3Title of Specification A 36/A 36MCarbon Structural Steel A 131/A 131MStructural Steel for Ships A 242/A 242MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel A 283/A 283MLow and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A 328/A 328MSteel Sheet Piling A 514/A 514MHigh-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Suitable for Welding A 529/A 529MHigh-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural Quality A 572/A 572MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steel A 573/A 573MStructural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness A 588/A 588MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick A 633/A 633MNormalized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 656/A 656MHot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate with Improved Formability A 678/A 678MQuenched-and-Tempered Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 690/A 690MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine Environments A 709/A 709MCarbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Shapes, Plates, and Bars and Quenched-and-Tempered Alloy Structural Steel Plates for Bridges A 710/A 710MAge-Hardening Low-Carbon Nickel-Copper-Chromium-Mo- lybdenum-Columbium Alloy Structural Steel Plates A 769/A 769MCarbon and High-Strength Electric Resistance Welded Steel Structural Shapes A 786/A 786MRolled Steel Floor Plates A 808/A 808MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Carbon, Manganese, Columbium, Vanadium Steel of Structural Quality with Improved Notch Toughness A 827/A 827MPlates, Carbon Steel, for Forging and Similar Applications A 829/A 829MPlates, Alloy Steel, Structural Quality A 830/A 830MPlates, Carbon Steel, Structural Quality, Furnished to Chemical Comp
1.1 This general requirements specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM:
1.1 This general requirements specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM:
1.1 This general requirements specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM Designation3Title of Specification A36/A36MCarbon Structural Steel A131/A131MStructural Steel for Ships A242/A242MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel A283/A283MLow and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A328/A328MSteel Sheet Piling A514/A514MHigh-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Suitable for Welding A529/A529MHigh-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural Quality A572/A572MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steel A573/A573MStructural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness A588/A588MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick A633/A633MNormalized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A656/A656MHot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate with Improved Formability A678/A678MQuenched-and-Tempered Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A690/A690MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine Environments A709/A709MCarbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Shapes, Plates, and Bars and Quenched-and-Tempered Alloy Structural Steel Plates for Bridges A710/A710MAge-Hardening Low-Carbon Nickel-Copper-Chromium-Mo- lybdenum-Columbium Alloy Structural Steel Plates A769/A769MCarbon and High-Strength Electric Resistance Welded Steel Structural Shapes A786/A786MRolled Steel Floor Plates A808/A808MHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Carbon, Manganese, Columbium, Vanadium Steel of Structural Quality with Improved Notch Toughness A827/A827MPlates, Carbon Steel, for Forging and Similar Applications A829/A829MPlates, Alloy Steel, Structural Quality A830/A830MPlates, Carbon Steel, Structural Quality, Furnished to Chemical
1.1x00a0;This general requirements specification2 covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM Designation3 Title of Specification A36/A36M Carbon Structural Steel A131/A131M Structural Steel for Ships A242/A242M High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel A283/A283M Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A328/A328M Steel Sheet Piling A514/A514M High-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Suitable for Welding A529/A529M High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural Quality A572/A572M High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steel A573/A573M Structural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness A588/A588M High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick A633/A633M Normalized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A656/A656M Hot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate with Improved Formability A678/A678M Quenched-and-Tempere
1.1x00a0;This general requirements specification2 covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM Designation3 Title of Specification A36/A36M Carbon Structural Steel A131/A131M Structural Steel for Ships A242/A242M High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel A283/A283M Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A328/A328M Steel Sheet Piling A514/A514M High-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Suitable for Welding A529/A529M High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural Quality A572/A572M High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steel A573/A573M Structural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness A588/A588M High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick A633/A633M Normalized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A656/A656M Hot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate with Improved Formability A690/A690M High-Strength Low-Al
1.1x00a0;This general requirements specification2 covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM Designation3 Title of Specification A36/A36M Carbon Structural Steel A131/A131M Structural Steel for Ships A242/A242M High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel A283/A283M Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A328/A328M Steel Sheet Piling A514/A514M High-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Suitable for Welding A529/A529M High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural Quality A572/A572M High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steel A573/A573M Structural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness A588/A588M High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick A633/A633M Normalized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates A656/A656M Hot-Rolled Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Plate with Improved Formability A690/A690M High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine Environments
1.1x00a0;This general requirements specification2 covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: 1.2x00a0;Annex A1 lists permitted variations in dimensions and mass (Note 1) in SI units. The values listed are not exact conversions of the values in Tables8201;1 to 31 inclusive but are, instead, rounded or rationalized values. Conformance to Annex A1 is mandatory when the x201c;Mx201d; specification designation is used. Note 1x2014;The term x201c;weightx201d; is used when inch-pound units are the standard; however, under SI, the preferred term is x201c;mass.x201d; 1.3x00a0;Annex A2 lists the dimensions of some shape profiles. 1.4x00a0;Appendix X1 provides information on coil as a source of structural products. 1.5x00a0;Appendix X2 provides information on the variability of tensile properties in plates and structural shapes. 1.6x00a0;Appendix X3 provides information on weldability. 1.7x00a0;Appendix X4 provides information on cold bending of plates, including suggested minimum inside radii for cold bending. 1.8x00a0;This general requirements specification also covers a group of supplementary requirements that are applicable to several of the above product specifications as indicated therein. Such requirements are provided for use where additional testing or additional restrictions are required by the purchaser, and apply only where specified individually in the purchase order. 1.9x00a0;In case of any conflict in requirements, the requirements of the applicable product specification prevail over those of this general requirements specification. 1.10x00a0;Additional requirements that are specified in the purchase order and accepted by the supplier are permitted, provided that such requirements do not negate any of the requirements of this general requirements specification or the applicable product specification. 1.11x00a0;For purposes of determining conformance with this general requirements specification and the applicable product specification, values are to be rounded to the nearest unit in the right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting values in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29. 1.12x00a0;The text of this general requirements specification contains notes or footnotes, or both, that provide explanatory material. Such notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain any mandatory requirements. 1.13x00a0;The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brac
1.1x00a0;This general requirements specification2 covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM Designation3 Title of Specification A36/A36M Carbon Structural Steel A131/A131M Structural Steel for Ships A242/A242M High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel A283/A283M Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A328/A328M Steel Sheet Piling A514/A514M High-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Suitable for Welding A529/A529M High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural Quality A572/A572M High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steel A573/A573M Structural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness A588/A588M High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 in. [
1.1x00a0;This general requirements specification2 covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling covered by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM Designation3 Title of Specification A36/A36M Carbon Structural Steel A131/A131M Structural Steel for Ships A242/A242M High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel A283/A283M Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates A328/A328M Steel Sheet Piling A514/A514M High-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable for Welding A529/A529M High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural Quality A572/A572M High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steel A573/A573M Structural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness A588/A588M High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel, up to 50 ksi [345 MPa] Minimum Yield Point, with A
1.1 This specification covers high-strength low-alloy, hot rolled structural steel plate for use in truck frames, brackets, crane booms, rail cars, and similar applications. Steels that conform to this specification offer improved formability. These steels are normally furnished as rolled. The product is furnished in two types and four strength grades as agreed upon between the producer and purchaser. These types and strength level grades are shown in the tables. 1.2 The maximum thickness of plates shall be as follows:Grade Plate Thickness, max in. [mm]502 [50]6011/2 [40]701 [25]803/4 [20]1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specification. See Appendix X3 of Specification A6/A6M for information on weldability. 1.4 For plate produced from coil, the additional requirements, including additional testing requirements and the reporting of additional test results, of Specification A6/A6M apply.
前沿科学
微信公众号
中析研究所
抖音
中析研究所
微信公众号
中析研究所
快手
中析研究所
微视频
中析研究所
小红书