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本标准规定了全社会经济活动的分类与代码。本标准适用于在统计、计划、财政、税收、工商等宏观管理中,对经济活动的分类,并用于信息处理和信息交换。
本标准规定了我国职业的分类结构、类别、代码及说明。本标准适用于按职业分类的各种普查、调查统计及行政管理和国内外信息交流等。
GB/T 32261的本部分对基于用户的总结性测试方法进行了规定,可用于一个或多个特定用户群对消费类产品和公用类产品(包括即来即用产品)的可用性和(或)可达性进行测试。在本测试方法中,产品可达性被视为产品可用性的特例,参与可达性测试的用户代表一般性用户群体中具有极端特性和能力的人群。当测试方法涉及可用性时,该方法也可用来测试可达性(除非另有规定)。该测试方法可在对有效性、效率和满意度进行有效且可靠的测量时采用。该测试方法还可用来评估消费类产品在开启包装、安装和设置方面的可用性和(或)可达性。本部分可用于在下列情况下对产品的可用性和(或)可达性进行测试:——具有代表性的产品典型使用情境能够明确时;——成功实现用户目标的标准能够明确时;——同一时间测试的目标数量有限时。除了测试消费类产品和公用类产品之外,该测试方法还可用来测试具有上述特征的其他产品、系统和服务。如果某种产品在使用时,它与用户交互时的输入、输出或环境情况多变且高度复杂,这种可变性或复杂性使其无法被分类为明确的子集,则该产品不在本部分的适用范围之内,因为在这种情况下将无法获得可靠的结果。附录A给出了本部分适用范围内的产品和目标示例。该测试方法主要用于评估完成版的产品,但也可以用于机构内部在产品研发期间对功能原型版本进行可用性和(或)可达性的判断、评估和交流。该总结性测试方法的测试结果可用于以下用途:——评估产品在实际使用中达到有效性、效率和满意度目标值的可能性;——发布产品可用性和(或)可达性方面的信息;——比较多种产品的可用性和(或)可达性;——把实验结果与可用性和(或)可达性的需求规范作比较;——为采购决策提供支持。本部分的目标用户是对可用性和(或)可达性测试进行设计和管理的人士,这些人主要来自制造商、供应商、采购方或者第三方(例如,测试机构或消费者组织)或者是这些机构的代表。
GB/T 32265的本部分为日用产品的易操作性设计提出了要求和建议,而易操作性可看作是与用户界面有关的可用性概念的一部分,日用产品用户界面设计需考虑用户特征和使用情境。本部分的内容旨在促进日用产品的研发,因此包括:——定义易操作性的概念;——解释与使用情境相关的可用性问题;——描述可能影响可用性的预期用户群体特征。本部分可供可用性专家、人类工效学学者、产品设计师、交互设计师、产品制造商和其他从事日用产品设计和研发的人员等使用和参考。本部分适用于带有交互界面的机械或电子产品,用户可通过直接操作或遥控产品交互界面实现其目的。这些产品至少属于下列内容之一:a) 为某些公众购买或为所有公众租借、使用的消费品,它也可以是个人、公共组织或私有公司所有的消费品;b) 为个人而非目的所使用的消费品(如:闹钟、电水壶、电话、电钻等);c) 为公众提供服务的即拿即用产品(如:售票机、复印机、健身器材);d) 工作场所除工作之外所使用的产品(如:办公室的咖啡机);e) 含有软件的产品,该软件能实现产品的主要目标(如:CD播放机)。本部分的内容不适用于下列产品:a) 纯物理产品,无交互式的用户界面(如:水壶或锤子);b) 以外观或时尚为主要设计目的的产品(如:无时间刻度的手表);c) 要求经过专门培训、具有特定技能和(或)知识的人才能使用的产品(如:乐器或汽车);d) 独立自成一体的软件产品;e) 仅用于活动的产品。
本标准规定了口腔清洁护理用品的分类,界定了口腔清洁护理用品的术语和定义。本标准适用于口腔清洁护理用品的各类产品、标签、原料。
本标准规定了设计家用和类似用途电器(以下简称器具)时,考虑满足老年人需求的设计原则、基本要素、设计方法和设计评审。本标准适用于考虑满足老年人需求的器具的设计。
本标准规定了考虑老年人需求的家用和类似用途电器(以下简称器具)的用户界面要素、设计要求及设计评价。本标准适用于考虑老年人需求的器具用户界面的易用性设计。
本标准给出了影响机械安全的主要人类工效学风险因素,并给出了通过综合运用与下列相关的人类工效学重要原则,将这些主要因素应用到机械设计中的架构:——避免使用机器过程中的紧张姿势和动作;——设计易于操作的机器,尤其是手持式或移动式机器;——尽量避免噪声、振动和热效应;——避免操作者的工作节奏与机器的自动循环周期发生关联;——在机器外部或内部提供局部照明;——手动控制器(致动器)的选择、位置和标识应使其清晰可见、可识别,并在必要时进行适当标记;——指示器、刻度盘和视觉显示单元的选择、设计和位置。此方法以GB/T 15706的迭代过程为基础,用于识别重大危险和减小风险。迭代过程的相关步骤已经过调整纳入了人类工效学原则,并给出了应用与机器设计相关的人类工效学标准的实践指南。本标准适用于标准制定者和机器设计者。没有相关的C类标准时,也可使用本标准。
This part of ISO 20282 provides requirements and recommendations for the design of easy-to-operate everyday products, where ease of operation addresses a subset of the concept of usability concerned with the user interface by taking account of the relevant user characteristics and the context of use.This part of ISO 20282 is intended to be used in the development of everyday products, for which it- defines ease of operation,- explains which aspects of the context of use are relevant, and- describes the characteristics of the intended user population that may influence usability.The intended users of this part of ISO 20282 are usability specialists, ergonomists, product designers, interaction designers, product manufacturers and others involved in the design and development of everyday products.This part of ISO 20282 is applicable to mechanical and/or electrical products with an interface that a user can operate directly or remotely to gain access to the functions provided. These products fall into at least one of the following categories:a) consumer products intended for some or all of the general public which are bought, rented or used, and which may be owned by individuals, public organizations, or private companies;b) consumer products intended to be acquired and used by an individual for personal rather than professional use (e.g. alarm clocks, electric kettles, telephones, electric drills);c) walk-up-and-use products that provide a service to the general public (such as ticket-vending machines, photocopying machines, fitness equipment);d) products used in a work environment, but not as part of professional activities (e.g. a coffee machine in an office);e) products including software that supports the main goals of use of the product (e.g. a CD player).This part of ISO 20282 is not applicable to the following:f) purely physical products without an interactive user interface (such as a jug or a hammer);g) products where appearance or fashion is the main goal (such as a watch with no markings);h) products requiring specialist training, specific skills and/or professional knowledge (such as a musical instrument or a car);i) standalone software products;j) products intended to be used for professional activities only.
Le présent document spécifie les exigences concernant un processus de conception centré sur l'opérateur humain pour des projets de conception et de re-conception.L'application du processus de conception centré sur l'opérateur humain dans les projets conduit à garantir l'ergonomie de la situation d'activité (qu'elle soit de travail ou non) ainsi que le(s) produit(s) et service(s) y afférant. Ce document est destiné aux chefs de projet pour la mise en place des moyens humains et matériels, des méthodes, des plannings et l'élaboration des documents nécessaires à la satisfaction de ces exigences.Les exigences de ce document s'appliquent à toutes les situations d'activité, produits et services, impliquées dans les diverses activités humaines.Des justifications devront être apportées dans les cas où certaines exigences ne seraient pas appliquées.Enfin si l'objet du projet est en dehors du domaine d'application, les principes de ces exigences pourront servir de base à la mise en oeuvre de l'ergonomie pour ce projet, il conviendra alors au responsable de l'approche centrée sur l'opérateur/utilisateur dans le projet d'adapter les exigences de ce document.Le document est générique pour les systèmes de travail, les produits et les services. Toutefois, certaines spécificités, certains aspects différentiels de ces domaines sont traités dans d'autres documents normatifs. (exemple: NF ISO 20282-1).L'application de ce document sera d'autant plus efficace que la direction sera fortement impliquée (adoption, communication, etc.).
La présente partie de l'ISO 20282 donne des exigences et des recommandations concernant la conception des produits usuels faciles à utiliser, où ladite facilité d'emploi traite d'un sous-ensemble du concept d'utilisabilité qui conditionne l'interface utilisateur, en prenant en compte le contexte d'utilisation et les caractéristiques pertinentes de l'utilisateur.Elle est destinée à être utilisée pour le développement de produits usuels, et :- définit la facilité d'emploi,- identifie les aspects pertinents du contexte d'utilisation, et- décrit les caractéristiques de la population cible d'utilisateurs susceptibles d'influencer l'utilisabilité.Elle est destinée aux spécialistes de l'utilisabilité, aux ergonomes, aux créateurs de produits, aux concepteurs de systèmes interactifs, aux fabricants de produits et aux autres spécialistes impliqués dans la conception et le développement de produits usuels.Elle est applicable aux produits usuels mécaniques et/ou électriques, dont l'interface peut être commandée directement ou à distance par l'utilisateur, permettant l'accès aux fonctions prévues.a) produits de consommation courante destinés à tout ou partie du grand public, qui sont achetés, loués ou utilisés, et qui peuvent être détenus par des personnes physiques, des organismes publics ou des entreprises privées ;b) produits de consommation courante destinés à être acquis et utilisés par une personne physique pour un usage personnel plutôt que professionnel (réveils) ;c) produits d'accès et d'utilisation grand public, qui fournissent un service au grand public (distributeurs automatiques de billets) ;d) produits utilisés dans un environnement de travail, hors activités professionnelles (une machine à café dans un bureau) ;e) produits incluant des logiciels assurant les objectifs principaux d'utilisation du produit (un lecteur de CD).
This part of ISO 20282 provides requirements and recommendations for the design of easy-to-operateeveryday products, where ease of operation addresses a subset of the concept of usability concerned with theuser interface by taking account of the relevant user characteristics and the context of use.This part of ISO 20282 is intended to be used in the development of everyday products, for which it-- defines ease of operation,-- explains which aspects of the context of use are relevant, and-- describes the characteristics of the intended user population that may influence usability.The intended users of this part of ISO 20282 are usability specialists, ergonomists, product designers,interaction designers, product manufacturers and others involved in the design and development of everydayproducts.This part of ISO 20282 is applicable to mechanical and/or electrical products with an interface that a user canoperate directly or remotely to gain access to the functions provided. These products fall into at least one ofthe following categories:a) consumer products intended for some or all of the general public which are bought, rented or used, and which may be owned by individuals, public organizations, or private companies;b) consumer products intended to be acquired and used by an individual for personal rather than professional use (e.g. alarm clocks, electric kettles, telephones, electric drills);c) walk-up-and-use products that provide a service to the general public (such as ticket-vending machines, photocopying machines, fitness equipment);d) products used in a work environment, but not as part of professional activities (e.g. a coffee machine in an office);e) products including software that supports the main goals of use of the product (e.g. a CD player).This part of ISO 20282 is not applicable to the following:f) purely physical products without an interactive user interface (such as a jug or a hammer);g) products where appearance or fashion is the main goal (such as a watch with no markings);h) products requiring specialist training, specific skills and/or professional knowledge (such as a musical instrument or a car);i) standalone software products;j) products intended to be used for professional activities only.
ISO 20282-1:2006 provides requirements and recommendations for the design of easy-to-operate everyday products, where ease of operation addresses a subset of the concept of usability concerned with the user interface by taking account of the relevant user characteristics and the context of use.ISO 20282-1:2006 is intended to be used in the development of everyday products, for which it defines ease of operation, explains which aspects of the context of use are relevant, and describes the characteristics of the intended user population that may influence usability.The intended users of this part of ISO 20282-1:2006 are usability specialists, ergonomists, product designers, interaction designers, product manufacturers and others involved in the design and development of everyday products.ISO 20282-1:2006 is applicable to mechanical and/or electrical products with an interface that a user can operate directly or remotely to gain access to the functions provided. These products fall into at least one of the following categories: consumer products intended for some or all of the general public which are bought, rented or used, and which may be owned by individuals, public organizations, or private companies; consumer products intended to be acquired and used by an individual for personal rather than professional use (e.g. alarm clocks, electric kettles, telephones, electric drills); walk-up-and-use products that provide a service to the general public (such as ticket-vending machines, photocopying machines, fitness equipment); products used in a work environment, but not as part of professional activities (e.g. a coffee machine in an office); products including software that supports the main goals of use of the product (e.g. a CD player).This part of ISO 20282 is not applicable to the following: purely physical products without an interactive user interface (such as a jug or a hammer); products where appearance or fashion is the main goal (such as a watch with no markings); products requiring specialist training, specific skills and/or professional knowledge (such as a musical instrument or a car); standalone software products; products intended to be used for professional activities only.
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